Decisiones médicas compartidas: una perspectiva desde la Ciencia de laComplejidad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51987/Rev.Hosp.Ital.B.Aires.v46i3.1319Palabras clave:
decisiones médicas compartidas, complejidad, Sistemas complejosResumen
La toma de decisiones médicas compartidas (DMC) representa una evolución del modelo paternalista tradicional hacia un enfoque más participativo, donde el paciente deja de ser receptor pasivo y se convierte en agente activo de su salud. Esta transformación integra no solo la evidencia científica, sino también la individualidad de quien consulta: valores, contexto emocional, social, económico y cultural.
La ciencia de la complejidad, por su parte, estudia cómo surgen patrones y comportamientos impredecibles a partir de interacciones dinámicas y no lineales entre varios componentes de un sistema.
Se propone que las DMC son intervenciones complejas en el contexto de problemas clínicos. Decidir desde esta perspectiva reconoce que las condiciones de salud no son lineales ni simples: involucran múltiples variables, relaciones dinámicas y resultados inciertos. Por lo tanto, la decisión debe surgir de un proceso integrador en el que interactúan conocimientos técnicos, experiencia clínica, juicio experto, intuición y valores personales del paciente. Las DMC no son reducibles a la suma de conocimientos aislados, sino que emergen de la interacción sinérgica entre los participantes.
El enfoque basado en la Complejidad fortalece el proceso de DMC mediante herramientas como modelos mentales compartidos, simulaciones, retroalimentación y análisis multidisciplinario. Estas estrategias permiten visualizar escenarios, anticipar consecuencias y adaptar conductas según la evolución del paciente.
En última instancia, considerar las DMC como intervenciones complejas implica tomar un curso de acción de manera conjunta, a través de un proceso dinámico, humano y profundamente contextual.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Alicia Rodríguez López
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
