Zygomycosis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: zygomycosis is a rare fungal infection that carries with high mortality rates. This poor prognosis, rapidly progressive infection mainly affects immunocompromised patients. The association with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is extremely unusual, even more in immunocompetent patients, with few cases reported. Case: we present the case of an immunocompetent male patient who was diagnosed with zygomycosis and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Despite medical efforts he developed multiorganic failure. Conclusion: the association of mucormycosis with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an immunocompetent patient is exceptional with few cases reported in Latin America. We must always suspect this association considering they require aggressive treatment and advanced life support.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Roden MM, Zaoutis TE, Buchanan WL, et al. Epidemiology and outcome of zygomycosis: a review of 929 reported cases. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41(5):634-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/432579
Bitar D, Van Cauteren D, Lanternier F, et al. Increasing incidence of zygomycosis (mucormycosis), France, 1997-2006. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15(9):1395-401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1509.090334
Torres-Narbona M, Guinea J, Martínez-Alarcón J, et al. Impact of zygomycosis on microbiology workload: a survey study in Spain. J Clin Microbiol. 2007;45(6):2051-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02473-06
Skiada A, Pagano L, Groll A, et al. Zygomycosis in Europe: analysis of 230 cases accrued by the registry of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) Working Group on Zygomycosis between 2005 and 2007. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011; 17(12):1859-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03456.x
Rivière S, Galicier L, Coppo P, et al. Reactive hemophagocytic syndrome in adults: a retrospective analysis of 162 patients. Am J Med. 2014; 127(11):1118-25.Tanphaichitr VS, Viprakasit V, Veerakul G, et al. Homozygous hemoglobin Tak causes symptomatic secondary polycythemia in a Thai boy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2003; 25(3):261-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00043426-200303000-00016
Takahashi N, Chubachi A, Kume M, et al. A clinical analysis of 52 adult patients with hemophagocytic syndrome: the prognostic significance of the underlying diseases. Int J Hematol. 2001; 74(2):209-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02982007
Kaito K, Kobayashi M, Katayama T, et al. Prognostic factors of hemophagocytic syndrome in adults: analysis of 34 cases. Eur J Haematol. 2009; 50:247-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.1997.tb00984.x
Lin S, Li Y, Long J, Liu Q, et al. Acute liver failure caused by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults: A case report and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016; 95(47):e5431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005431
Mehta Ch , Ali MT, Mehta Y, et al. A rare case of isolated hepatic mucormycosis in association with hemophagocytosis syndrome. J Acute Med. 2016; 6:98-101. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacme.2016.08.005
Inagaki N, Sugimoto K, Hosone M et al. Disseminated Mucor infection and thromboticmicroangiopathy in lymphoma-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. Int J Hematol. 2008; 88(3):355-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-008-0156-6
Arena V, De Giorgio F, Pennacchia I, et al. Haemophagocytic syndrome associated withmucormycosis infection. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2012; 25(3):751-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/039463201202500321
Dayan D, Abu-Abeid S, Klausner JM, et al. Disseminated mucormycosis-induced perforated intestine in a late presenting AIDS patient with steroid-dependent secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. AIDS. 2015; 29:2216–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000849
Makino T. A case of diabetes mellitus who died due to multiple organ failure caused byhemophagocytic syndrome complicated with generalized mucormycosis. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. 1999: 88:133-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2169/naika.88.133
Turner JH, Soudry E, Nayak JV, et al. Survival outcomes in acute invasive fungal sinusitis: asystematic review and quantitative synthesis of published evidence. Laryngoscope.2013; 123(5):1112-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/lary.23912
Valera FC, do Lago T, Tamashiro E, et al. Prognosis of acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis related to underlying disease. Int J Infect Dis. 2011; 15(12):e841-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2011.08.005