Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection in Adult Intensive Care Units during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Argentina
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Objective: To characterize central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) occurring in adult Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in Argentina during the COVID-19 pandemic, as reported to the VIHDA Program (VIDHA is the acronym for “Vigilancia de Inspecciones Hospitalarias en Argentina, or “Surveillance of Hospital Infections in Argentina”) their associated microorganisms, and resistance profiles. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study on CLABSI reported to the VIHDA program during 2020-
2021. We described the socio-demographic, clinical, and microbiological characteristics of CLABSI. Results: The study included 2788 patients admitted to the ICU, of which 36.5% of the cases (n=1209) involved COVID-19. The median time between central catheter placement and IPS diagnosis was nine days (p25-p75: 5-14). Among ICU patients who presented with CLABSI, 50.3% died (n=1402); the proportion of deaths among those admitted for COVID-19 was higher compared to other reasons (p<0.05). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.0%; n=884), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (17.2%; n=609), and Acinetobacter sp. (10.5%; n=370). Both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter sp. showed high percentages of non-susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins and carbapenems. Thirty percent of S. aureus and 66.2% of SCN were methicillin-resistant. Conclusions: In Argentina, during the pandemic, there was an increase in CLABSI in patients hospitalized in the ICU, along with the dynamics of COVID-19 cases. Mortality in patients with CLABSI admitted for COVID-19 was higher. A high proportion of multi-resistant microorganisms was evident.
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